Bibliography Ralf Bender's Selected Bibliography

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  1. LILIENTHAL, J., STURTZ, S., SCHÜRMANN, MAIWORM, M., RÖVER, C., FRIEDE, T. & BENDER, R. (2024):
    Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis with empirical heterogeneity priors for application in health technology assessment with very few studies.
     Res. Syn. Methods 15, 275-287.   Open Access
  2. GOLDKUHLE, M., HIRSCH, C., IANNIZZIA, C., BORA, A.-M., BENDER, R., van DALEN, HEMKENS, L.G., TRIVELA, M., MONSEF, I., KREUZBERGER, N. & SKOETZ, N. (2023):
    Meta-epidemiological review identified variable reporting and handling of time-to-event analyses in publications of trials included in meta-analyses of systematic reviews.
     J. Clin. Epidemiol. 159, 174-189.   Open Access
  3. RÖVER, C., STURTZ, S., LILIENTHAL, J., BENDER, R. & FRIEDE, T. (2023):
    Summarizing empirical information on between-study heterogeneity for Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis.
    Stat. Med. 42, 2439-2454.   Open Access
  4. WAFFENSCHMIDT, S. & BENDER, R. (2023):
    Involvement of information specialists and statisticians in systematic reviews.
    Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care 39, e22.
  5. FELSCH, M., BECKMANN, L. BENDER, R., KUSS, O., SKIPKA, G., & MATHES, T. (2022):
    Performance of several types of beta-binomial models in comparison to standard approaches for meta-analyses with very few studies.
     BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 22, 319.   Open Access
  6. SCHULZ, A., SCHÜRMANN, C., SKIPKA, G. & BENDER, R. (2022):
    Performing meta-analyses with very few studies.
    In: EVANGELOU, V. & VERONIKI, A.A. (Eds.): Meta-Research, pp. 91-102..  Humana, New York.
  7. RÖVER, C., BENDER, R., DIAS, S., SCHMID, C.H., SCHMIDLI, H., STURTZ, S., WEBER, S. & FRIEDE, T. (2021):
    On weakly informative prior distributions for the heterogeneity parameter in Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis.
     Res. Syn. Methods 12, 448-474.   Open Access
  8. BENDER, R. (2021):
    The NNTnet metric is not new, not easy to use, and not routinely applied in medical research.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 129, 198.   Open Access
  9. GOLDKUHLE, M., BENDER, R., AKL, E., van DALEN, E.C., NEVITT, S., MUSTAFA, R.A., GUYATT, G.H., TRIVELA, M., DJULBEGOVIC, B., SCHÜNEMANN, H., CINQUINI, M., KREUZBERGER, N. & SKOETZ, N. for the GRADE Working Group (2021):
    GRADE guidelines 29: Rating the certainty in time-to-event outcomes − Study limitations due to censoring of participants with missing data in intervention studies.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 129, 126-137.
  10. SKOETZ, N., GOLDKUHLE, M., van DALEN, E.C., AKL, E., TRIVELA, M., MUSTAFA, R.A., NOWAK, A., DAHM, P., SCHÜNEMANN, H. & BENDER, R. for the GRADE Working Group (2020):
    GRADE guidelines 27: How to calculate absolute effects for time-to-event outcomes in summary of findings tables and evidence profiles.
     J. Clin. Epidemiol. 118, 124-131.
  11. KIEFER, C., STURTZ, S. & BENDER, R. (2020):
    A simulation study to compare different estimation approaches for network meta-analysis and corresponding methods to evaluate the consistency assumption.
    BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 20, 36.   Open Access
  12. BENDER, R. & BECKMANN, L. (2019):
    Limitations of the incidence density ratio as approximation of the hazard ratio.
     Trials 20, 485.   Open Access
  13. BENDER, R. & SKIPKA, G. (2019):
    Durchführung von Metaanalysen mithilfe der Knapp-Hartung-Methode.
    In: RENDTEL, U., MINKENBERG, R. & MUCHE, R. (Eds.): KSFE 2019 − Proceedings der 23. Konferenz der SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), Freie Universität Berlin, 07.03.-08.03.2019, pp. 1-10.
    Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  14. VERONIKI, A.A., BENDER, R., GLASZIOU, P., STRAUS, S.E. & TRICCO, A. (2019):
    The number needed to treat in pairwise and network meta-analysis and its graphical representation.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 111, 11-22.
  15. VERONIKI, A.A., JACKSON, D., BENDER, R., KUSS, O., LANGAN, D., HIGGINS, J.P.T., KNAPP, G. & SALANTI, G. (2019):
    Methods to calculate uncertainty in the estimated overall effect size from a random-effects meta-analysis.
    Res. Syn. Methods 10, 23-43.
  16. BENDER, R. & BECKMANN, L. (2018):
    Contribution to the discussion of “When should meta-analysis avoid making hidden normality assumptions?”
     Biom. J. 60, 1077–1078.
  17. BECKMANN, L., GROUVEN, U., KIESER, M., SIEBEN, W., SKIPKA, G. & BENDER, R. (2018):
    Untersuchung von Methoden zur Überprüfbarkeit von Ergebnissen von Studienpopulationen auf Teilpopulationen.
    GMS Med. Inform. Biom. Epidemiol. 14, Doc11.   Open Access
  18. BENDER, R., KROMP, M., STURTZ, KIEFER, C., VERVÖLGYI, V. & LANGE, S. (2018):
    Stellenwert von indirekten Vergleichen und Netzwerk-Meta-Analysen im Rahmen der frühen Nutzenbewertung.
    In: STORM, A. (Ed.): AMNOG-Report 2018: Nutzenbewertung von Arzneimitteln in Deutschland. Schwerpunkt: Arztinformationssystem – Wie kommen die Ergebnisse in die Praxis?, pp. 59-70.
    medhochzwei Verlag GmbH, Heidelberg.    Open Access
  19. BENDER, R., FRIEDE, T., KOCH, A., KUSS, O., SCHLATTMANN, P., SCHWARZER, G. & SKIPKA, G. (2018):
    Methods for evidence synthesis in the case of very few studies.
    Res. Syn. Methods 9, 382-392.   Open Access
  20. BENDER, R. (2017):   Number Needed to Treat: Overview.
    In:   BALAKRISHNAN, N., BRANDIMARTE, P., EVERITT, B.S., MOLENBERGHS, G., RUGGERI, F. & PIEGORSCH, W.: (Eds.):     Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online, pp. 1-17.
    Wiley, Chichester.
  21. BROCKHAUS, A.C., GROUVEN, U. & BENDER, R. (2016):
    Performance of the Peto odds ratio compared to the usual odds ratio estimator in the case of rare events.
     Biom. J. 58, 1428–1444.
  22. SCHMOOR, C., BENDER, R., BEYERSMANN, J., KIESER, M. & SCHUMACHER, M. (2016):
    Adverse event development in clinical oncology trials.
    Lancet Oncol. 17, e263-e264.   Open Access
  23. BENDER, R., BECKMANN, L. & LANGE, S. (2016):
    Biometrical issues in the analysis of adverse events within the benefit assessment of drugs.
    Pharm. Stat. 15, 292-296.   Open Access
  24. VERONIKI, A.A., JACKSON, D., VIECHTBAUER, W., BENDER, R., BOWDEN, J., KNAPP, G., KUSS, O., HIGGINS, J.P.T., LANGAN, D. & SALANTI, G. (2016):
    Methods to estimate the between-study variance and its uncertainty in meta-analysis.
    Res. Syn. Methods 7, 55-79.   Open Access
  25. SKIPKA, G., WIESELER, B., KAISER, T., THOMAS, S., BENDER, R., WINDELER, J. & LANGE, S. (2016):
    A methodological approach to determine minor, considerable and major treatment effects in the early benefit assessment of new drugs.
    Biom. J. 58, 43-58.   Open Access
  26. KIEFER, C., STURTZ, S. & BENDER, R. (2015):
    Indirekte Vergleiche und Netzwerk-Metaanalysen: Schätzung von Effekten bei fehlenden direkten Vergleichsstudien − Teil 22 der Serie zur Bewertung wissenschaftlicher Publikationen.
    German version:     Dtsch. Ärztebl. 112, 803-808.   Open Access
    Indirect comparisons and network meta-analyses: Estimation of effects in the absence of head-to-head trials − Part 22 of a series on evaluation of scientific publications.
    English version: Dtsch. Ärztebl. Int. 112, 803-808.   Open Access
  27. VERONIKI, A.A., JACKSON, D., VIECHTBAUER, W., BENDER, R., KNAPP, G., KUSS, O. & LANGAN, D. (2015):
    Recommendations for quantifying the uncertainty in the summary intervention effect and estimating the between-study heterogeneity variance in random-effects meta-analysis.
    Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2015 (Suppl. 1), 25-27.   Open Access
  28. GROUVEN, U., SIERING, U., BENDER, R., VERVÖLGYI, V. & LANGE, S. (2015):
    Seltene Erkrankungen: Randomisierte kontrollierte Studien auch hier der Goldstandard.
    Dtsch. Ärztebl. 112, A3268-A328.   Open Access
  29. BROCKHAUS, A.C., BENDER, R. & SKIPKA, G. (2014):
    The Peto odds ratio viewed as a new effect measure.
    Stat. Med. 33, 4861-4874.
  30. ZÖLLER, D. & BENDER, R. (2014):
    Berechnung von Konfidenzintervallen für das relative Risiko mit SAS.
    In: FRIEDE, T., HILGERS, R. & MINKENBERG, R. (Eds.): KSFE 2014 − Proceedings der 18. Konferenz der SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), Universität Göttingen, 27.03.-28.03.2014, pp. 381-398.
    Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  31. LAUBENDER, R.P. & BENDER, R. (2014):
    A note on calculating asymptotic confidence intervals for the adjusted risk difference (RD) and number needed to treat (NNT) in the Cox regression model.
    Stat. Med. 33, 798–810.    Correction:   Stat. Med. 33, 810–811   Open Access
  32. NEWCOMBE, R.G. & BENDER, R. (2014):
    Implementing GRADE − calculating the risk difference from the baseline risk and the relative risk.
    Evid. Based Med. 19, 6-8.   Open Access
  33. BENDER, R., KROMP, M., KIEFER, C. & STURTZ, S. (2014):
    Estimation of numbers needed to treat should be based on absolute risks.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 67, 238-239.   Open Access
  34. WELZ, A. & BENDER, R. (2013):
    Punkt- und Intervallschätzung adjustierter NNT-Maße im Cox-Modell mit Hilfe von SAS.
    In: MUCHE, R. & MINKENBERG, R. (Eds.): KSFE 2013 − Proceedings der 17. Konferenz der SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), Universität Ulm, 28.02.-01.03.2013, pp. 417-426.
    Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  35. BENDER, R., KROMP, M., KIEFER, C. & STURTZ, S. (2013):
    Absolute risks rather than incidence rates should be used to estimate the number needed to treat from time-to-event data.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 66, 1038-1044.
  36. STURTZ, S. & BENDER, R.(2012):
    Unsolved issues of mixed treatment comparison meta-analysis: Network size and inconsistency.
    Res. Syn. Methods 3, 300-311.
  37. GUDDAT, C., GROUVEN, U., BENDER, R. & SKIPKA, G. (2012):
    A note on the graphical presentation of prediction intervals in random-effects meta-analyses.
    Sys. Rev. 1, 34.   Open Access
  38. BENDER, R.(2012):
    Incorrect calculation of numbers needed to treat affects confidence intervals more often than point estimates.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 65, 808.   Open Access
  39. BENDER, R.(2012):
    Adequate methods should be used to compare the features of effect measures.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 65, 462.   Open Access
  40. BENDA, N. & BENDER, R.(2011):
    Multiplicity issues in clinical trials.
    Biom. J. 53, 873-874.
  41. BENDER, R. & VERVÖLGYI, V. (2011):
    Die Berechnung adjustierter NNTs in randomisierten kontrollierten Studien.
    In: ORTSEIFEN, C., RAMROTH, H., WEIRES, M. & MINKENBERG, R. (Eds.): KSFE 2011 − "Voneinander lernen”, Proceedings der 15. Konferenz der SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), Ruprechts-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, 24.-25.02.2011, pp. 51-58.
    Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  42. VERVÖLGYI, E., KROMP, M., SKIPKA, G., BENDER, R. & KAISER, T.(2011):
    Reporting of loss to follow-up information in randomised controlled trials with time-to-event outcomes: A literature survey.
    BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 11, 130.   Open Access
  43. BENDER, R., KOCH, A., SKIPKA, G., KAISER, T. & LANGE, S. (2011):
    The assessment of heterogeneity is mandatory in clinical trials and systematic reviews.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 64, 452.
  44. BENDER, R., KOCH, A., SKIPKA, G., KAISER, T. & LANGE, S (2010):
    No inconsistent trial assessments by NICE and IQWiG: Different assessment goals may lead to different assessment results regarding subgroup analyses.
     J. Clin. Epidemiol. 63, 1305-1307.
  45. SKIPKA, G. & BENDER, R. (2010):
    Assessment of intervention effects in the case of heterogeneity between three subgroups within the framework of systematic reviews.
    Meth. Inf. Med. 49, 613-617.   Open Access
  46. GEHRMANN, U., KUSS, O., WELLMANN, J. & BENDER, R. (2010):
    Logistic regression was preferred to estimate risk differences and numbers needed to be exposed adjusted for covariates.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 63, 1223-1231.
  47. BENDER, R. (2010):
    Using and interpreting adjusted NNT measures in biomedical research.
    Open Dent. J. 4, 72-76.   Open Access
  48. BENDER, R. & VERVÖLGYI, V. (2010):
    Estimating adjusted NNTs in randomised controlled trials with binary outcomes: A simulation study.
    Contemp. Clin. Trials 31, 498-505.
  49. STANG, A., POOLE, C. & BENDER, R. (2010):
    Common problems related to the use of number needed to treat.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 63, 820-825.
  50. HORVATH, K., KOCH, K., JEITLER, K., MATYAS, E., BENDER, R., BASTIAN, H., LANGE, S. & SIEBENHOFER, A. (2010):
    Effects of treatment in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
    BMJ 340, c1395.   Open Access
  51. LAUBENDER, R.P. & BENDER, R. (2010):
    Estimating adjusted risk difference (RD) and number needed to treat (NNT) measures in the Cox regression model.
    Stat. Med. 29, 851-859.
  52. BENDER, R. & KUSS, O. (2010):
    Methods to calculate relative risks, risk differences, and numbers needed to treat from logistic regression.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 63, 7-8.
  53. GROUVEN, U., HEMKENS, L.G., BENDER, R. & SAWICKI, P.T. (2010):
    Risk of malignancies in patients with diabetes treated with human insulin or insulin analogues. Reply to Nagel JM, Mansmann U, Wegscheider K et al. [letter] and Simon D [letter].
    Diabetologia 53, 209-211.   Open Access
  54. HEMKENS, L.G., BENDER, R., GROUVEN, U. & SAWICKI, P.T. (2009):
    Insulin glargine and cancer.
    Lancet 374, 1743-1744.   Open Access
  55. HEMKENS, L.G., GROUVEN, U., BENDER, R., GÜNSTER, C., GUTSCHMIDT, S., SELKE, G.W. & SAWICKI, P.T. (2009):
    Risk of malignancies in patients with diabetes treated with human insulin or insulin analogues: A cohort study.
    Diabetologia 52, 1732-1744.   Open Access
  56. HILDEBRANDT, M., VERVÖLGYI, E. & BENDER, R. (2009):
    Calculation of NNTs in RCTs with time-to-event outcomes: A literature review.
    BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 9, 21.   Open Access
  57. LÜHRMANN, P.M., BENDER, R., EDELMANN-SCHÄFER, B. & NEUHÄUSER-BERTHOLD, M. (2009):
    Longitudinal changes in energy expenditure in an elderly German population: A 12 year follow-up.
    Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 63, 986-992.
  58. BENDER, R. (2009):
    Introduction to the use of regression models in epidemiology.
    In: VERMA, M. (Ed.): Cancer Epidemiology, Vol. 1: Host Susceptibility Factors, pp. 179-195.  Humana Press, Totowa, NJ.
  59. GROUVEN, U., KÜCHENHOFF, H., SCHRÄDER, P. & BENDER, R. (2008):
    Flexible regression models are useful tools to calculate and assess threshold values in the context of minimum provider volumes.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 61, 1125-1131.
  60. BENDER, R. & GROUVEN, U. (2008):
    Berechnung von Konfidenzintervallen für die Population Impact Number (PIN).
    In: HILGERS, R.-D., HEUSSEN, N., HERFF, W. & ORTSEIFEN, C. (Eds.): KSFE 2008 − Proceedings der 12. Konferenz der SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), pp. 41-47.
    Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  61. BENDER, R., BUNCE, C., CLARKE, M., GATES, S., LANGE, S., PACE, N.L. & THORLUND, K. (2008):
    Attention should be given to multiplicity issues in systematic reviews.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 61, 857-865.
  62. BENDER, R. (2007):
    Simulation von Überlebenszeiten mit Hilfe von SAS®.
    In: MUCHE, R. & BÖDEKER, R.-H. (Eds.): KSFE 2007 − Proceedings der 11. Konferenz der SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), pp. 55-62.
    Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  63. BENDER, R., KUSS, O., HILDEBRANDT, M. & GEHRMANN, U. (2007):
    Estimating adjusted NNT measures in logistic regression analysis.
    Stat. Med. 26, 5586-5595.
  64. SCHRÄDER, P., GROUVEN, U. & BENDER, R. (2007):
    Können Mindestmengen für Knieprothesen anhand von Routinedaten errechnet werden? Ergebnisse einer Schwellenwertanalyse mit Daten der externen stationären Qualitätssicherung.
    Orthopäde 36, 570-576.
  65. LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Median oder Mittelwert?   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e1-e2.   Open Access
  66. LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Quantile, empirische Verteilungsfunktion und Box Plot.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e3-e4.   Open Access
  67. LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Variabilitätsmaße.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e5-e6.   Open Access
  68. LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Das Histogramm.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e7-e8.   Open Access
  69. LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Lineare Regression und Korrelation.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e9-e11.   Open Access
  70. BENDER, R. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Die Vierfeldertafel.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e12-e14.   Open Access
  71. BENDER, R. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Was ist der p-Wert?   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e15-e16.   Open Access
  72. BENDER, R. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Was ist ein Konfidenzintervall?   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e17-e18.   Open Access
  73. LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Was ist ein Signifikanztest? Allgemeine Aspekte.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e19-e21.   Open Access
  74. BENDER, R. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Verlaufskurven.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e22-e23.   Open Access
  75. BENDER, R., LANGE, S. & ZIEGLER, A. (2007):   Wichtige Signifikanztests.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e24-e25.   Open Access
  76. BENDER, R., LANGE, S. & ZIEGLER, A. (2007):   Multiples Testen.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e26-e29.   Open Access
  77. BENDER, R., ZIEGLER, A. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Multiple Regression.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e30-e32.   Open Access
  78. BENDER, R., ZIEGLER, A. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Logistische Regression.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e33-e35.   Open Access
  79. ZIEGLER, A., LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Überlebenszeitanalyse: Eigenschaften und Kaplan-Meier Methode.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e36-e38.   Open Access
  80. ZIEGLER, A., LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Überlebenszeitanalyse: Der Log-Rang-Test.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e38-e41.   Open Access
  81. ZIEGLER, A., LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Überlebenszeitanalyse: Die Cox-Regression.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e42-e44.   Open Access
  82. KLUG, S., BENDER, R., BLETTNER, M. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Wichtige epidemiologische Studientypen.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e45-e47.   Open Access
  83. ZIEGLER, A., LANGE, S. & BENDER, R. (2007):   Systematische Übersichten und Meta-Analysen.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e48-e52.   Open Access
  84. LANGE, S., BENDER, R. & ZIEGLER, A. (2007):   Äquivalenzstudien und Nicht-Unterlegenheitsstudien.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e53-e56.   Open Access
  85. BENDER, R., ZIEGLER, A. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Varianzanalyse.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e57-e60.   Open Access
  86. BENDER, R., GROUVEN & ZIEGLER, A. (2007):   Varianzanalyse für Messwertwiederholungen.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e61-e64.   Open Access
  87. GROUVEN, U., BENDER, R., ZIEGLER, A. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Der Kappa-Koeffizient.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e65-e68.   Open Access
  88. GROUVEN, BENDER, R., ZIEGLER, A. & LANGE, S. (2007):   Vergleich von Messmethoden.   Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 132, e69-e73.   Open Access
  89. KÜCHENHOFF, H., BENDER, R. & LANGNER, I. (2007):
    Effect of Berkson measurement error on parameter estimates in Cox regression models.
    Lifetime Data Anal. 13, 261-272.
  90. KUTSCHMANN, M., BENDER, R., GROUVEN, U. & BERG, G. (2006):
    Aspekte der Fallzahlkalkulation und Powerberechnung anhand von Beispielen aus der rehabilitationswissenschaftlichen Forschung.
    Rehabilitation 45, 377-384.
  91. BENDER, R., ZEEB, H., SCHWARZ, M., JÖCKEL, K.-H. & BERGER, M. (2006):
    Causes of death in obesity: Relevant increase in cardiovascular but not in all-cancer mortality.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 59, 1064-1071.
  92. HILDEBRANDT, M., BENDER, R., GEHRMANN, U. & BLETTNER, M. (2006):
    Calculating confidence intervals for impact numbers.
    BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 6, 32.   Open Access   Highly accessed
  93. BENDER, R., HILDEBRANDT, M. & KUSS, O. (2006):
    Die Berechnung adjustierter NNEs in Kohortenstudien.
    In: KAISER, K. & BÖDEKER, R.-H. (Eds.): Statistik und Datenanalyse mit SAS® − Proceedings der 10. Konferenz für SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung (KSFE), pp. 19-33.  Shaker, Aachen.   Open Access
  94. BENDER, R. & GROUVEN, U. (2006):
    Möglichkeiten und Grenzen statistischer Regressionsmodelle zur Berechnung von Schwellenwerten für Mindestmengen.
    Z. ärztl. Fortbild. Qual. Gesundh.wes. 100, 93-98.
  95. SAWICKI, P.T., BENDER, R., SELKE, G.W., KLAUBER, J. & GUTSCHMIDT, S. (2006):
    Schätzung der unter Rofecoxib (Vioxx®) in Deutschland in den Jahren 2001-2004 aufgetretenen kardio- und zerebrovaskulären Ereignisse.
    Med. Klin. 101, 191-197.
  96. BENDER, R., AUGUSTIN, T. & BLETTNER, H.(2005):
    Generating survival times to simulate Cox proportional hazards models.
     Stat. Med. 24, 1713-1723.    Corresponding Letter:   Stat. Med. 25 (2006), 1978-1979.
  97. BENDER, R., BERG, G. & ZEEB, H. (2005):
    Tutorial: Using confidence curves in medical research.
    Biom. J. 47, 237-247.
  98. MEYER, G., KÖPKE, S., BENDER, R., & MÜHLHAUSER, I. (2005):
    Predicting the risk of falling - efficacy of a risk assessment tool compared to nurses' judgement: A cluster-randomised controlled trial [ISRCTN37794278].
    BMC Geriatr. 5, 14.   Open Access
  99. SÄMANN, A., MÜHLHAUSER, I., BENDER, R., KLOOS, C & MÜLLER, U.A. (2005):
    Glycaemic control and severe hypoglycaemia following training in flexible, intensive insulin therapy to enable dietary freedom in people with type 1 diabetes: Prospective implementation study.
    Diabetologia 48, 1965-1970.   Open Access
  100. BENDER, R. (2005):   Number needed to treat (NNT).
    In:   ARMITAGE, P. & COLTON, T. (Eds.): Encyclopedia of Biostatistics, Vol. 6 (2nd Ed.), pp. 3752-3761.   Wiley, Chichester.
  101. WARNKE, A., MEYER, G., BENDER, R. & MÜHLHAUSER, I. (2004):
    Predictors of adherence to the use of hip protectors in nursing home residents.
    J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 52, 340-345.
  102. LOBNIG, B.M., MASLOWSKA-WESSEL, E. & BENDER, R. (2003):
    Repeatability of heart rate variability measured via spectral analysis in healthy subjects.
    J. Clin. Basic Cardiol. 6, 29-33.   Open Access
  103. BENDER, R. & KUSS, O. (2003):
    Confidence intervals for adjusted NNEs: A simulation study (Letter).
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 56, 205-206.
  104. SEYDEL, J., ULLRICH, A., BENDER, R., FISCHBACH, W. & BLETTNER, M. (2003):
    Helicobacter pylori and carcinogenesis of gastric B-cell lymphomas.
    Int. J. Cancer 104, 646-649.   Open Access
  105. MEYER, G., WARNKE, A., BENDER, R. & MÜHLHAUSER, I. (2003):
    Effect on hip fractures of increased use of hip protectors in nursing homes: Cluster randomised controlled trial.
    BMJ 326, 76-78.   Open Access
  106. BENDER, R., JÖCKEL, K.-H., RICHTER, B., SPRAUL, M. & BERGER, M. (2002):
    Body weight, blood pressure, and mortality in a cohort of obese patients.
    Am. J. Epidemiol. 156, 239-245.   Open Access
  107. BENDER, R. & BLETTNER, M. (2002):
    Calculating the "number needed to be exposed" with adjustment for confounding variables in epidemiological studies.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 55, 525-530.
  108. BENDER, R. (2002):
    Reply to "Simple and effective confidence intervals for the number needed to treat".
    Control. Clin. Trials 23, 101-102.
  109. SADDIG, C., BENDER, R. & STARKE, A.A.R. (2002):
    A new classification plot for the C-peptide suppression test.
    J. Pancreas 3, 16-25.   Open Access
  110. MEINHOLD, J., MASLOWSKA-WESSEL, E., BENDER, R. & SAWICKI, P.T. (2001):
    Low prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in Type 1 diabetic patients without nephropathy.
    Diabet. Med. 18, 607-613.
  111. BENDER, R. & LANGE, S. (2001):
    Adjusting for multiple testing - when and how ?
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 54, 343-349.
  112. BENDER, R. (2001):
    Calculating confidence intervals for the number needed to treat.
    Control. Clin. Trials 22, 102-110.
  113. BENDER, R. (2001):
    Interpretation von Effizienzmaßen der Vierfeldertafel für Diagnostik und Behandlung.
    Med. Klin. 96, 116-121.     Correction:  Med. Klin. 96, 181.
  114. BENDER, R. (2000):
    Calculating summary measures of unimodal response curves by means of nonlinear regression models.
     J. Theor. Med. 2, 73-89.   Open Access
  115. MÜHLHAUSER, I., OVERMANN, H., BENDER, R., JÖRGENS, V. & BERGER, M. (2000):
    Predictors of mortality and end-stage diabetic complications in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus on intensified insulin therapy.
    Diabet. Med. 17, 727-734.
  116. MÜHLHAUSER, I., SAWICKI, P.T., BLANK, M., OVERMANN, H., BENDER, R. & BERGER, M. (2000):
    Prognosis of persons with type 1 diabetes on intensified insulin therapy in relation to nephropathy.
    J. Intern. Med. 248, 333-341.   Open Access
  117. BENDER, R. & BENNER, A. (2000):
    Calculating ordinal regression models in SAS and S-Plus.
    Biom. J. 42, 677-699.
  118. BENDER, R. (2000):
    Improving the calculation of confidence intervals for the number needed to treat.
    In: HASMAN, A., BLOBEL, B., DUDECK, J., ENGELBRECHT, R., GELL, G. & PROKOSCH, H.-U. (Eds.): Medical Infobahn for Europe (Proc. of the MIE2000 and GMDS2000), pp. 29-32.
    IOS Press, Amsterdam.
  119. BENDER, R. (2000):
    Berechnung von Konfidenzintervallen für die Zahl "Number Needed to Treat" (NNT).
    In: BÖDEKER, R.-H. & HOLLENHORST, M. (Eds.): Proc. der 4. Konferenz für SAS-Anwender in Forschung und Entwicklung, pp. 1-7.
    AG Statistik des Inst. für Med. Informatik, Gießen.   Open Access
  120. RICHTER, B., BENDER, R. & BERGER, M.(2000):
    Effects of on-demand ß2-agonist inhalation in moderate-to-severe asthma. A randomized controlled trial.
    J. Intern. Med. 247, 657-666.   Open Access
  121. SAWICKI, P.T., BENDER, R., BERGER, M. & MÜHLHAUSER, I. (2000):
    Non-linear effects of blood pressure and glycosylated haemoglobin on progression of diabetic nephropathy.
    J. Intern. Med. 247, 131-138.   Open Access
  122. RICHTER, B. & BENDER, R. (2000):
    Kritische Bewertung von Theraphieverfahren.
    In: BERGER, M. (Hrsg.): Diabetes mellitus (2. Aufl.), pp. 223-233. Urban & Fischer, München.
  123. BENDER, R. & KIMMERLE, R. (1999):
    Assessment of glycemic thresholds for fetal macrosomia in pregnant diabetic women.
    In: VICTOR, N., BLETTNER, M., EDLER, L., HAUX, R., KNAUP-GREGORI, P., PRITSCH, M., WAHRENDORF, J., WINDELER, J. & ZIEGLER, S. (Eds.): Medical Informatics, Biostatistics and Epidemiology for Efficient Health Care and Medical Research (Contributions from the 44th Annual Conference of the GMDS), pp. 115-116.   Urban & Vogel, München.
  124. TROCHA, A., SCHMIDTKE, C., DIDJURGEIT, U., MÜHLHAUSER, I., BENDER, R., BERGER, M. & SAWICKI, P.T. (1999):
    Effects of intensified antihypertensive treatment in diabetic nephropathy: Mortality and morbidity results of a prospective controlled 10-year study.
    J. Hypertens. 17, 1497-1503.
  125. BENDER, R. (1999):
    Quantitative risk assessment in epidemiological studies investigating threshold effects.
    Biom. J. 41, 305-319.
  126. BENDER, R., JÖCKEL, K.-H., TRAUTNER, C., SPRAUL, M. & BERGER, M. (1999):
    Effect of age on excess mortality in obesity.
    JAMA 281, 1498-1504.   Open Access
  127. RAVE, K., BENDER, R., HEISE, T. & SAWICKI, P.T. (1999):
    Value of blood pressure self-monitoring as a predictor of progression of diabetic nephropathy.
    J. Hypertens. 17, 597-601.
  128. BENDER, R. & LANGE, S. (1999):
    Multiple test procedures other than Bonferroni's deserve wider use (Letter).
    BMJ 318, 600-601.   Open Access
  129. KIMMMERLE, R., HEINEMANN, L., HEISE, T., BENDER, R., WEYER, C., HIRSCHBERGER, S. & BERGER, M. (1999):
    Influence of continuous combined estradiol-norethisterone acetate preparations on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal nondiabetic women.
    Menopause 6, 36-42.
  130. MÜHLHAUSER, I., OVERMANN, H., BENDER, R., BOTT, U., & BERGER, M. (1998):
    Risk factors of severe hypoglycaemia in adult patients with Type 1 diabetes - a prospective population based study.
    Diabetologia 41, 1274-1282.   Open Access
  131. MÜHLHAUSER, I., OVERMANN, H., BENDER, R., BOTT, U., JÖRGENS, V., TRAUTNER, C., SIEGRIST, J. & BERGER, M. (1998):
    Social status and the quality of care for adult people with Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus - a population based study.
    Diabetologia 41, 1139-1150.   Open Access
  132. BENDER, R. & GROUVEN, U. (1998):
    Using binary logistic regression models for ordinal data with non-proportional odds.
    J. Clin. Epidemiol. 51, 809-816.
  133. BENDER, R., LANGE, S., FREITAG, M. & TRAMPISCH, H.J. (1998):
    Variation of sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios and predictive values with disease prevalence (Letter).
    Stat. Med. 17, 946-947.
  134. BENDER, R., TRAUTNER, C., SPRAUL, M. & BERGER, M. (1998):
    Assessment of excess mortality in obesity.
    Am. J. Epidemiol. 147, 42-48.   Open Access
  135. SAWICKI, P.T., KIWITT, S., BENDER, R. & BERGER, M. (1998):
    The value of the QT interval dispersion for identification of total mortality risk in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
    J. Intern. Med. 243, 49-56.   Open Access
  136. BENDER, R. & GROUVEN, U. (1997):
    Ordinal logistic regression in medical research.
    J. R. Coll. Physic. London 31, 546-551.
  137. BENDER, R., TRAUTNER, C, SPRAUL, M. & BERGER, M. (1997):
    Die Übersterblichkeit bei Übergewicht − Die Düsseldorf Obesity Mortality Study (DOMS).
    In: MUCHE, R., BÜCHELE, G., HARDER, D. & GAUS, W. (Eds.): Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie − GMDS '97 (Proc. 42. Jahrestagung der GMDS e.V.), pp. 459-463.   MMV Medizin Verlag, München.
  138. BENDER, R. (1997):
    Square dance and probability (Letter).
    EAASDC Bull. 18 (No. 5), 19-20.
  139. BENDER, R. & GROUVEN, U. (1996):
    Logistic regression models used in medical research are poorly presented (Letter).
    BMJ 313, 628.
  140. BENDER, R. (1996):
    Calculating confidence intervals for summary measures of individual curves via nonlinear regression.
    Int. J. Biomed. Comput. 41, 13-18.
  141. BENDER, R. (1996):
    The effect of cholesterol-lowering therapy on the progression of diabetic nephropathy is unproved (Letter).
    Diabetologia 39, 368-369.   Open Access
  142. MÜHLHAUSER, I., BENDER, R., BOTT, U., JÖRGENS, V., GRÜSSER, M., WAGENER, W., OVERMANN, H. & BERGER, M. (1996):
    Cigarette smoking and progression of retinopathy and nephropathy in Type 1 diabetes.
    Diabet. Med. 13, 536-543.
  143. MÜHLHAUSER, I., PRANGE, K., SAWICKI, P.T., BENDER, R., DWORSCHAK, A., SCHADEN, W. & BERGER, M. (1996):
    Effects of dietary sodium on blood pressure in IDDM patients with nephropathy.
    Diabetologia 39, 212-219.   Open Access
  144. SAWICKI, P.T., DÄHNE, R., BENDER, R. & BERGER, M. (1996):
    Prolonged QT interval as a predictor of mortality in diabetic nephropathy.
    Diabetologia 39, 77-81.
  145. BENDER, R. & SAWICKI, P.T. (1996):
    Effect of intensive treatment in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria (Letter).
    BMJ 312, 254.
  146. HEINEMANN, L., HEISE, T., KLEPPER, A., AMPUDIA, J., BENDER, R. & STARKE, A.A.R. (1995):
    Time action profiles of the intermediate-acting insulin analogue: Des(64,65)-human proinsulin.
    Diabetes Metab. 21, 415-419.
  147. BENDER, R. & HEINEMANN, L. (1995):
    Fitting nonlinear regression models with correlated errors to individual pharmacodynamic data using SAS software.
    J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm. 23, 87-100.
  148. SAWICKI, P.T., MÜHLHAUSER, I., DIDJURGEIT, U., BAUMGARTNER, A., BENDER, R. & BERGER, M. (1995):
    Intensified antihypertensive therapy is associated with improved survival in type 1 diabetic patients with nephropathy.
    J. Hypertens. 13, 933-938.
  149. MÜHLHAUSER, I., BOTT, U., OVERMANN, H., WAGENER, W., BENDER, R., JÖRGENS, V. & BERGER, M. (1995):
    Liberalized diet in patients with type 1 diabetes.
    J. Intern. Med. 237, 591-597.
  150. KIMMERLE, R, ZAß, R.-P., SOMVILLE, T., BENDER, R., PAWLOWSKI, B. & BERGER, M. (1995):
    Pregnancies in women with diabetic nephropathy: Long-term outcome for mother and child.
    Diabetologia 38, 227-235.   Open Access
  151. BENDER, R. & HEINEMANN, L. (1994):
    Description of peaked curves by means of exponential functions.
    In: PÖPPL, S.J., LIPINSKI, H.-G. & MANSKY, T. (Eds.): Medizinische Informatik: Ein integrierender Teil arztunterstützender Technologien (Proc. 38. Jahrestagung der GMDS e.V.), pp. 482-485.   MMV, München.
  152. BENDER, R. (1994):
    Determination of the area under a curve (Letter).
    Diabetes Care 17, 1223.   Open Access
  153. SAWICKI, P.T., DIDJURGEIT, U., MÜHLHAUSER, I., BENDER, R., HEINEMANN, L. & BERGER, M. (1994):
    Smoking is associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy.
    Diabetes Care 17, 126-131.
  154. BENDER, R. (1993):
    Using common statistical program packages for the Friedman test when ties are among treatments and a multiple comparison procedure is needed.
    Comput. Statist. Data Anal. 16, 365-369.
  155. BENDER, R. & GROUVEN, U. (1993):
    On the choice of the number of residual autocovariances for the portmanteau test of multivariate autoregressive models.
    Commun. Statist. - B 22, 19-32.
  156. BENDER, R., SCHULTZ, B. & GROUVEN, U. (1993):
    Classification of EEG signals into general stages of anesthesia in real-time using autoregressive models.
    In: OPITZ, O., LAUSEN, B. & KLAR, R. (Eds.): Information and Classification: Concepts, Methods and Application (Proc. of the 16th Annual Conference of the "Gesellschaft für Klassifikation"), pp. 443-452.   Springer, Berlin.
  157. SCHULTZ, B., BENDER, R., SCHULTZ, A. & PICHLMAYR, I. (1992):
    Reduktion der Anzahl von EEG-Ableitung für ein routinemäßiges Monitoring auf der Intensivstation.
    Biomed. Techn. 37, 194-199.
  158. GROUVEN, U., BENDER, R., SCHULTZ, A. & PICHLMAYR, R. (1992):
    Application of adjusted survival curves to renal transplant data.
    Meth. Inf. Med. 31, 210-214.
  159. BENDER, R., SCHULTZ, B., SCHULTZ, A. & PICHLMAYR, I. (1992):
    Testing the Gaussianity of the human EEG during anesthesia.
    Meth. Inf. Med. 31, 56-59.
  160. BENDER, R., SCHULTZ, B., SCHULTZ, A. & PICHLMAYR, I. (1991):
    Identification of EEG patterns occuring in anesthesia by means of autoregressive parameters.
    Biomed. Techn. 36, 236-240.
  161. BENDER, R. & WOLTERING, F. (1991):
    Heritabilitätsschätzungen bei ordinalen Daten.
    Forschungsbericht Nr. 91/1, FB Statistik der Universität Dortmund.

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